Table of Contents
What is ecological diversity?
The variability in different ecosystems is known as ecological diversity. Basically, the change in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems defines the diversity of ecology. This variation makes biological communities complex too due to the different adaptations of different ecosystems. There are major factors due to which there is ecological diversity. Variations in genetics, species, and ecosystem mainly influence diversity.
All of these three main factors are significant for diversity because all of them have to influence each other and importantly work for each other.
Causes of ecological diversity
Behind the matter, there are basically two main causes of ecological diversity the first one is, natural and the second one is anthropogenic causes that affect the genetics, species, and ecosystem adversely and lower the variety of biodiversity.
The main drivers include natural and anthropogenic changes include, including invasive species, pollution caused by Humans, use of sea and aquatic reservoirs, and land-changing adaptations.
Impact of pollution and adaptations on ecological diversity
If climate change adversely, it has negative impacts on the diversity of species due to which there is a loss of biodiversity.
All anthropogenic activities are the cause of pollution. However, the change in ecological diversity is affected by noise pollution, land pollution as well as water pollution.
Pollution mainly leads to direct changes in the ecosystem of marine life, soil microorganisms, and other invasive species. It is increasing day by day as time passes and the pollutants in the material directly or indirectly. These contaminants in the water, soil, or air harm or threaten the species so, we have an enormous loss of ecological diversity.
Oil spills, greenhouse gas emissions, atmospheric temperature, acid rain, solid waste such as plastic, noise pollution, and excessive use of agricultural fertilizers have threatening impacts on the wildlife living in grassland, terrestrial, soil, and tundra ecosystems.
Make sure, to adapt the preventive measures to save the life of the species for a well-predicted ecological diversity. Toxic chemicals and devastating substances affect the habitat of species due to which many marine habitats and also land habitats are adversely affected.
Importance of Ecological Diversity
Diversity of ecology is important for the life of organisms it is much more significant for the survival of all varieties of organisms because all organisms are dependent on each other for their own survival in land ecosystems.
It might be possible that the present amount of oxygen in our environment is less, but due to ecological diversity, the amount of oxygen in an ecosystem boosts up through the process of photosynthesis among different organisms and plants.
It is important to understand the relationship between humans and nature, it’s beneficial for the prudence of knowledge and with the help of ecological diversity humans remain well-being and prosper by gaining new knowledge as time passes out.
For instance, it is proficient for maintaining biodiversity, cleaning of water and marine, and also for the variety of food production as trophic levels show in the ecosystem how organisms depend on each other for their survival.
It plays an important role in environmental conservation and also helps us to study our actions and their impacts on our environment. However, they are beneficial or adversely harmful for the ecosystem. As the variety of ecological species becomes diverse and different, energy conservation increases and ecological diversity is significant for resource allocation and enhancing the eco-friendliness in an environment among different organisms.
Each ecosystem has a diverse variety of organisms which proceeds the habitat of species as we know that genetic variability is important for ecological diversity. The most complex and important factor is to understand the association between the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem if a researcher wants to study the purpose of ecological diversity.
Environmental Impacts of Ecological Diversity
For genetic stability, the main purpose of the environment of an ecosystem is to make sure the maintenance of the habitat is adapted.
If biodiversity declined, it has adverse impacts on the global diversity of natural ecosystems. It lowers the upcoming genetic diversity. And the impacts should be anthropogenic and caused by major human activities. If the productivity of trophic levels of an ecosystem lowers down then there is a possibility of huge loss of environmental issues.
As we know that, the amount of energy we obtain from the ecological trophic level is as per decided according to the 10% law. The energy is obtained mainly in the form of ATP, if due to environmental hazards, the biodiversity is lost, then the amount of energy production also declined and many ecosystems are destroyed because of it.
The environment is also adversely affected by the diversity of ecology if the change and variability of ecological diversity increased up to the vulnerable conditions.
It mainly energized and activates the amount of oxygen production in an environment.
Impact of Climate Change
Climate change has few beneficial impacts on some species which are vulnerable to that temperature, but climate change adversely affects the diversity of species of different ecosystems.
The major factor in climate change is uneven change of temperature due to which hazards should be possible like fire forests, sea level rises, soil erosion, grassland, and terrestrial loss of habitat.
Due to the increase in temperature, the probability of less temperate species that are endangered might lead to the extinction of diversity.
Adverse climate change currently transforms the ecosystem and food webs due to which habitat loss and adaptations cannot survive in too much heat and temperature because the species are not able to bear the outer interactions and extinct eagerly.
So, the impact of climate change causes endangered species to lead to vanish and extinct to some extent.
Some species are heat resistant for instance, dome marine life living in the crust surface of the ocean or sea bear the minor change in their environment because of climate change but the intertidal ecosystems and other ecosystems that cannot bear high temperatures will not survive in that environment. However, ecological diversity also depends on the weather or seasons.
As if there is a season of spring the number of species increased well whereas, if the temperature exceeds the limited point not in the vulnerable range there, would be a threat to endangered species.
According to some research, we can protect endangered species with the help of environmental sustainability.
Climate change includes the temperature rise, the warming of the earth’s oceans, and also unlimited weather in which there is a highly unbearable temperature for some species that have no stamina to survive in other adaptations. It mainly causes unrecoverable diseases as well as the death of those species.
So with the help of environmental sustainability, we can properly protect all the species that lead to extinction. At some rate, the level of pollution also lessens due to which all organisms respirate freely and cannot be harmed by the vulnerable climate change, and all the ecosystems remain sustained for the good and well diversity of that ecological area and those species also have eco-friendly relation with their environment.
Authors detail:
1Manzar Mehdi Khan, 1Abdullah Shah, 1Sufyan Jabbar
1Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad
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